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采用溶胶-凝胶法与静电纺丝技术相结合制备了PVP/[Ni(NO3)2+Fe(NO3)3]复合纳米纤维,在一定温度下进行热处理,得到尖晶石结构的NiFe2O4纳米纤维。利用TG-DTA、XRD、FTIR、SEM、TEM等分析手段对样品的组成及结构进行表征。TG-DTA分析表明,PVP/[Ni(NO3)2+Fe(NO3)3]复合纳米纤维的热处理温度高于450℃以后,质量恒定,总失重率为87.8%。XRD与FTIR分析表明,热处理温度高于600℃时,复合纳米纤维已经完全转变成尖晶石结构的NiFe2O4纳米纤维。SEM分析表明,所制备的PVP/[Ni(NO3)2+Fe(NO3)3]复合纤维直径在250～300nm之间,NiFe2O4纳米纤维直径约100nm,长度大于200μm。对NiFe2O4纳米纤维的形成机理进行了探讨。
The PVP / [Ni (NO3) 2 + Fe (NO3) 3] composite nanofibers were prepared by a combination of sol-gel method and electrospinning technology and were heat-treated at a certain temperature to obtain NiFe2O4 nanofibers with spinel structure . The composition and structure of the samples were characterized by TG-DTA, XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM. TG-DTA analysis showed that the mass of the PVP / [Ni (NO3) 2 + Fe (NO3) 3] composite nanofibers after heat treatment is higher than 450 ℃, and the total weight loss rate is 87.8%. XRD and FTIR analysis showed that the composite nanofibers have completely transformed into spinel NiFe2O4 nanofibers when the heat treatment temperature is higher than 600 ℃. SEM analysis showed that the diameters of the prepared PVP / [Ni (NO3) 2 + Fe (NO3) 3] composite fibers ranged from 250 to 300 nm, the diameter of NiFe2O4 nanofibers was about 100 nm and the length was greater than 200 μm. The formation mechanism of NiFe2O4 nanofibers was discussed.