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目的调查舟山市首例狂犬病病例的流行病学特征,为狂犬病防制工作提供参考。方法采用《浙江省狂犬病监测方案(试行)》的个案调查表对病例开展调查,并采集病例血清和唾液标本进行相关实验室检测。结果病例暴露后未接种狂犬病疫苗,发病潜伏期约2个月,主要临床表现为怕风、恐水、流涎等症状,病例入院后予以隔离对症治疗,发病后第15 d呼吸循环系统衰竭死亡。病例血液标本采用快速荧光灶抑制试验检测狂犬病病毒抗体阳性,唾液标本分离培养狂犬病病毒阳性。密切接触者均采取预防性接种处理,病例死亡后开展终末消毒。结论该病例为舟山市首例狂犬病病例,发病原因为犬伤Ⅲ级暴露未接种狂犬病疫苗。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the first case of rabies in Zhoushan and provide a reference for the prevention and control of rabies. Methods The cases of rabies surveillance program in Zhejiang Province (for Trial Implementation) were investigated and the serum and saliva samples were collected for laboratory tests. Results The rabies vaccine was not vaccinated after the exposure and the incubation period was about 2 months. The main clinical manifestations were the fear of the wind, phlegm, salivation and other symptoms. The patients were isolated and symptomatic treated after admission. The respiratory system died after 15 days of onset. The blood samples of the cases were tested positive for rabies virus by fast fluorescent inhibition test and rabies virus positive for saliva samples. Close contacts are taken prophylactic vaccination, the case of death after the end of disinfection. Conclusion The case was the first case of rabies in Zhoushan City. The cause of the disease was the unvaccinated rabies vaccine which was caused by the grade Ⅲ canine breach.