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研究了填充各种填料的天然橡胶的性能。使用的填料分别为高耐磨炭黑N330、导电炭黑XE2-B和碳纳米管(CNT),应用了未处理的和经声振处理的碳纳米管(简称分别为U-CNT和S-CNT)。填料用量由0份变化到8.0份。研究发现,随着填料用量增大,胶料黏度增大,硫化时间减小,交联密度增大,模量和硬度增大。对于填充N330和XE2-B的胶料,填料用量增大,拉伸强度持续增大。对于填充U-CNT和S-CNT的胶料,在添加量小于2.0份时,拉伸强度随用量增大而增大;大于2.0份后则明显减小。在填料用量相同的情况下,填充碳纳米管的胶料的导电性、导热性、贮能模量和损耗因子的测量值最大,其次分别是XE2-B和N330。试验结果表明,在没有表面活性剂的前提下,对碳纳米管进行声振处理并不能改善其混炼时的分散度,因此,U-CNT和S-CNT填充胶料的性能没有明显区别。
The properties of natural rubber filled with various fillers were investigated. The fillers used were high abrasion resistant carbon black N330, conductive carbon black XE2-B and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), respectively. Untreated and acoustically-excited carbon nanotubes (U-CNTs and S- CNT). The amount of filler changed from 0 to 8.0 parts. It was found that with the increase of filler content, the viscosity of rubber compound increased, the vulcanization time decreased, the crosslinking density increased, and the modulus and hardness increased. For the compounds filled with N330 and XE2-B, the amount of filler increases and the tensile strength continues to increase. For the U-CNT and S-CNT filled compounds, the tensile strength increases with the increase of the dosage when the addition amount is less than 2.0, but decreases obviously when the dosage exceeds 2.0. In the case of the same amount of filler, carbon nanotubes filled with the conductivity, thermal conductivity, storage modulus and loss factor measurements the largest, followed by XE2-B and N330. The experimental results show that the acoustic vibration of carbon nanotubes can not improve the dispersion degree of the CNTs in the absence of surfactant. Therefore, the properties of U-CNT and S-CNT filler are not significantly different.