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为了给糯玉米高产栽培及新品种选择提供依据,本研究分析了5个不同基因型的糯玉米品种在不同播期下的鲜穗产量及籽粒灌浆特性。结果表明,在试验所设的播期下,糯玉米春季早播和秋季晚播有利于鲜穗产量增加,春播相对秋播有更高的产量。糯玉米籽粒干重变化符合Logistic曲线增长,籽粒灌浆可分为前期、中期和后期三个时期。根据灌浆参数分析,籽粒干物质的增加主要集中在中期,该期灌浆持续时间最短但平均灌浆速率最大,其干物质积累量占了整个灌浆期的60%左右,而前期和后期分别约占20%。不同品种籽粒灌浆特性存在差异,沪玉糯3号和苏玉糯2号灌浆速率快,灌浆持续期较短。美玉8号、浙凤糯3号灌浆速率相对较慢且灌浆持续期较长。相关分析表明,糯玉米鲜穗产量与最大灌浆速率、平均速率、粒重增量、灌浆活跃期显著相关,与灌浆持续期相关不显著。
In order to provide basis for high-yielding waxy corn and selection of new varieties, the present study analyzed the fresh ear yield and grain filling characteristics of five waxy maize varieties with different sowing dates. The results showed that in the sowing date, the early spring sowing of corn and the late sowing of autumn corn were beneficial to the increase of fresh spike yield and the higher sowing yield of spring sowing compared with autumn sowing. The variation of dry weight of waxy maize grain accorded with the growth of Logistic curve. The grain filling could be divided into three stages: pre-stage, middle-stage and post-stage. According to the analysis of grouting parameters, the increase of dry matter of grain mainly concentrated in the mid-term, but the duration of filling was the shortest but the average filling rate was the highest in this period. The dry matter accumulation accounted for about 60% of the whole filling stage, while the former accounted for 20% %. Different varieties of grain filling characteristics are different, Shanghai Yuyou 3 and Suyu Nuo 2 filling speed, filling duration is shorter. Meiyu 8, Zhefengnuo 3 filling rate is relatively slow and longer duration of filling. Correlation analysis showed that the fresh ear production of waxy corn was significantly correlated with the maximum filling rate, average rate, grain weight increment, active period of grain filling, but not significant with duration of filling.