人类以为的食欲调节因子ghrelin(一种生长激素释放肽)和瘦素(leptin)只对能量增加/减少的短期波动反应,对餐时(meal-to-meal)总能量摄入没有表现相关性。餐时总能量摄入和自发性体力活动的能量平衡是非稳态模式,低水平瘦素和胰岛素抑制大脑奖赏回路(brain reward circuit)敏感性,该回路的敏感性随体重(脂肪水平)的降低而增加,敏感性越高摄入量越大。人类食欲一天24小时的变化遵循一日三餐的昼夜节律。 Human-induced short-term fluctuations in ghrelin (an ghrelin) and leptin, an increase / decrease in energy, were not correlated with total meal-to-meal energy intake . The energy balance of total energy intake and spontaneous physical activity during meals is an unsteady mode, and low levels of leptin and insulin inhibit the brain reward circuit sensitivity, which decreases with body weight (fat level) The increase, the higher the sensitivity of the larger intake. The 24-hour change in human appetite follows the circadian rhythm of three meals a day.