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IgA缺乏型输血过敏反应是指当患者血清IgA含量低于0.05 mg/d L且存在抗IgA抗体时,输血后1 h内发生的过敏反应;是病因明确的一种输血类过敏反应,也是临床工作中常见的一类原发性免疫缺陷疾病。它是由抗原抗体反应激活补体、释放致敏物质C3a、C5a等引起的一系列类过敏反应,严重者可引起休克,如果不及时抢救会导致死亡。补体C5a、脑源性嗜神经组织因子和趋化因子CC趋化因子配体5(CCL5)等可能与IgA缺乏型输血过敏反应有关。本文就IgA缺乏引起的输血过敏反应及其相关研究进展进行综述。
IgA-deficient transfusion allergic reaction refers to when the patient’s serum IgA levels below 0.05 mg / dL and the presence of anti-IgA antibodies, the occurrence of allergic reactions within 1 h after transfusion; is a clear cause of a transfusion-like allergic reactions, but also clinical A common class of primary immunodeficiency diseases at work. It is a series of allergic reaction caused by antigen-antibody reaction and activation of complement, release of allergens C3a, C5a and other serious cases can cause shock, if not rescued will result in death. Complement C5a, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and chemokine CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) may be associated with IgA-deficient transfusion allergic reactions. This review summarizes the transfusion allergic reactions caused by IgA deficiency and its related research.