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本文运用泰尔指数的分解方法,在对收入分配数据进行时间和空间的去胀处理的基础上,用1996~2008年的时间序列数据对中国总体收入差距进行了城乡分解分析。分析结果表明,近些年中国收入差距的70%以上都来自于城乡之间的收入分配差距,并且城乡间收入分配差距的扩大还是中国总体收入分配差距扩大的主要原因。要缩小城乡收入分配差距必须注意:放松对农产品价格的各项调控措施,接受在城市化进程中农产品价格在结构上逐步上升的现实,放开农村居民收入提高的空间;增加对农村尤其是中西部农村的教育投入;实现城乡统筹发展。
Based on the decomposing method of Theil index in time and space, this paper uses the time series data of 1996-2008 to analyze the urban-rural disaggregation of China’s overall income gap. The analysis shows that in recent years, more than 70% of the income gap in China comes from the income distribution gap between urban and rural areas, and the widening gap between income distribution in urban and rural areas is also the main reason for the widening gap in income distribution in China. To narrow the income distribution gap between urban and rural areas, we must pay attention to: relax the control measures on agricultural prices, accept the fact that the prices of agricultural products gradually rise in structure in the process of urbanization, and free up the room for rural residents to increase their incomes; Western rural education investment; to achieve overall development of urban and rural areas.