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从诉讼理论上讲,不变期间特指当事人不服法院裁判而寻求进一步救济的期间,如上诉期间、提起再审之诉的期间等。为使民事诉讼程序能够早日确定,不变期间一旦经法律规定,无论出于何种理由均不能由受诉法院依职权或根据当事人的申请延长或缩短,此乃不变期间区别于其他法定期间的根本特质。当事人耽误不变期间即产生当然失权的效果,不过,当事人若因不可归责于己的事由而耽误不变期间的,可以向法院申请回复原状并补行相应的诉讼行为以资救济。在大陆法系民诉立法中,对于不变期间往往直接冠以“不变期间”之名以示与通常法定期间的区分。我国现行民诉法关于不变期间的规范并不合理,亟待完善。
From the theory of litigation, the period of change refers specifically to the parties refusing the court judgment and seeking further relief period, such as the appeal period, the retrial proceedings and so on. In order to enable civil procedure to be determined at an early stage, the period of invariance, once required by law and for whatever reason, can not be prolonged or shortened by the prosecuting court on its ex officio basis or on the basis of an application by the parties, which is an immutable period that differs from other statutory periods The fundamental traits. However, if the parties are not allowed to blame for their own reasons and delayed the same period, you can apply to the court to return to the status quo and make up the corresponding litigation in order to relief. In the Civil Law Civil Procedure Legislation, the term “immutability period” is often given directly in the period of immorality to show the distinction from the normal statutory period. The current civil procedure law in our country is not unreasonable during the immutable period and it needs urgent improvement.