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目的探讨体育舞蹈练习对于女大学生体质的影响,为促进大学生体质发展提供参考。方法对黑河某高校女生进行整群抽样调查,共筛选有效研究对象81人,按自愿原则分为对照组(n=43)与体育舞蹈组(n=38),其中体育舞蹈组进行14周练习。测试包括心肺指标(安静脉率、收缩压、舒张压、肺活量)、体脂指标(腰围、体质量指数)和身体素质(100 m跑、1 min仰卧起坐、立定跳远、8×50 m折返跑、4×10 m、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚跳站立)指标。结果实验后,实验组、对照组之间安静脉率、肺活量、腰围、体质量指数、1 min仰卧起坐、8×50 m折返跑、4×10 m折返跑、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立等测试成绩的差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.124,2.276,-2.473,3.145,2.117,-2.132,-2.133,3.124,2.956,P值均<0.05)。与实验前相比,实验后体育舞蹈组安静脉率明显下降,肺活量明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.124,2.276,P值均<0.05);腰围、体质量指数均明显减小,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.473,3.145,P值均<0.05);1 min仰卧起坐、8×50 m折返跑、4×10 m折返跑、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立等测试成绩均明显提高,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.117,-2.132,-2.133,3.124,2.956,P值均<0.05)。结论体育舞蹈练习可降低女大学生安静脉率,增加肺活量,降低体脂,提高灵敏、协调、平衡、柔韧、力量等素质。
Objective To explore the impact of physical dance practice on the female college students’ physical constitution, and to provide a reference for promoting the physical development of college students. Methods A total of 81 female students in a university in Heihe were enrolled in this study. According to the voluntary principle, they were divided into control group (n = 43) and physical dance group (n = 38) . Tests included cardiothoracic indexes (venous pulse, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, vital capacity), body fat index (waist circumference, body mass index) and physical fitness (100 m running, 1 min sit- Running, 4 × 10 m, sitting body flexion, eyes closed one foot jump) indicators. Results After the experiment, the pulse rate, vital capacity, waist circumference and body mass index between the experimental group and the control group were 1 sit-ups, 8 × 50 m turn-back run, 4 × 10 m turn-back run, There were significant differences in test scores between two groups (t = -2.124,2.276,2.473,3.145,2.117,2.132,2.133,3.124,2.956, P <0.05). Compared with that before the experiment, the experimental group showed that the venous pulse rate of the dance group decreased significantly and the vital capacity of the dance group increased significantly (t = -2.124 and -2.276, respectively, P <0.05); waist circumference, body mass index (T = -2.473,3.145, P <0.05 respectively); 1-minute sit-ups, 8 × 50-m turn-back run, 4 × 10-m turn-back run, Flexion, eyes closed, one leg standing test scores were significantly improved, the differences were statistically significant (t values were 2.117, -2.132, -2.133,3.124,2.956, P values were <0.05). Conclusion The practice of physical dance can reduce the female venous pulse rate, increase the vital capacity, lower the body fat and improve the quality of sensitivity, coordination, balance, flexibility, strength and so on.