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为获取AZ31B镁合金薄板非熔化极气体保护双弧焊(double-electrode gas metal arc welding,DE-GMAW)焊接残余应力场分布,用ANSYS软件对焊接过程进行数值模拟,探索焊前预热对镁合金残余应力的影响规律。建立双弧热源模型,通过热应力耦合法,先计算焊接温度场进而计算应力场。获得焊件残余应力的分布规律,沿着焊缝纵向残余应力最大值约为41 MPa,焊缝两端即起弧和熄弧处受较大横向压应力作用,最大值达55.6 MPa;采用盲孔法进行试验测量,测量结果与模拟结果一致。通过实测数据与模拟结果分析,表明镁合金DE-GMAW焊接残余应力的分布特点;镁合金焊前预热温度为100℃时,能够有效降低焊件的残余应力。
In order to obtain the distribution of residual stress field in double-electrode gas metal arc welding (DE-GMAW) of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet, ANSYS software was used to simulate the welding process, Effect of residual stress of alloy. The dual-arc heat source model is established. By means of thermal stress coupling method, the temperature field of welding is calculated and the stress field is calculated. The distribution of residual stress in the weldment is obtained. The maximum value of residual stress along the longitudinal direction of the weld is about 41 MPa. The maximum compressive stress is 55.6 MPa at the both ends of the weld, ie, Hole method for experimental measurements, the measurement results and simulation results. Through the analysis of measured data and simulation results, the distribution of welding residual stress of magnesium alloy DE-GMAW is shown. When the preheating temperature of magnesium alloy is 100 ℃, the residual stress of the weldment can be reduced effectively.