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目的研究2001～2010年黑龙江省城乡居民膳食结构及营养素摄入状况。方法利用黑龙江省统计局2001～2010年黑龙江省城市和农村年人均食物消费资料,通过膳食计算和统计分析,研究这十年间食物与营养消费状况、各种营养素摄入状况、营养素的食物来源情况,找出城乡居民食物与营养中存在的问题。结果城市居民动物性食品、蔬菜摄入较合理,蛋白质质量较好,谷类、水果类食物摄入偏低,乳品类食物摄入更低。视黄醇摄入量严重不足,硫胺素、核黄素、钙、铁、锌摄入量占RNI百分比偏低;农村居民粮食类食物摄入偏高,其他食物摄入量都偏低,食物能量分布主要来自粮食类。食物的蛋白质来源主要是粮食类,蛋白质质量有待于提高。视黄醇摄入量也是严重不足,核黄素、钙、铁、锌摄入量占RNI百分比偏低。结论黑龙江省城乡居民膳食中存在着膳食不平衡,一些微量营养素摄入不足,尤其是农村,城市居民近5年脂肪摄入偏高。
Objective To study the dietary composition and nutrient intake of urban and rural residents in Heilongjiang Province from 2001 to 2010. Methods Using per capita food consumption data of Heilongjiang Provincial Bureau of Statistics from 2001 to 2010 in urban and rural areas of Heilongjiang Province, this paper studied the status of food and nutrition consumption, the intake of various nutrients and the sources of food for nutrients through dietary calculation and statistical analysis , To find out the problems of food and nutrition in urban and rural areas. Results Urban residents animal food, vegetable intake is more reasonable, better protein quality, cereal, fruit food intake is low, lower intake of dairy foods. The intake of retinol is seriously deficient, and the intake of thiamine, riboflavin, calcium, iron and zinc accounts for the low percentage of RNI; while the intake of food grains by rural residents is relatively high, the intake of other foods is low, The energy distribution of food mainly comes from grain. The main source of food protein is food, protein quality needs to be improved. Retinol intake is also a serious deficiency, riboflavin, calcium, iron, zinc intake accounted for the low percentage of RNI. Conclusion The diet of urban and rural residents in Heilongjiang Province is imbalanced with dietary intake of some micronutrients, especially in rural areas and urban residents in recent 5 years.