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麦秆蝇是华北春麦区的主要害虫。不同的春小麦品种受麦秆蝇为害程度存在着明显的差别。麦秆蝇对产卵植株有严格的选择性。抗虫品种的主要生育和形态特性是成熟早,尤其是前期生长快以及叶片基部窄、叶面茸毛长而密。本项工作从1960年开始,在内蒙西部前国营中滩农场进行。在当地,土壤盐渍化和锈病的危害也是小麦生产上的重要问题。因此,选育新品种的目标除高产及抗麦秆蝇外,还要求能耐盐碱和抗锈。从当时掌握的品种材料中,选丰产、抗锈、不倒伏的为亲本的一方。以抗麦秆蝇、耐盐碱的为亲本的另一方,进行杂交选育。1967年从自育品种中,选出了“6407”和“6410”两个品种应用于生产。1974年又出圃5个新品种。根据联合田间小区试验及大田生产的比较,“6410”较当地主要农家品种“小洋白”及主要推广品种“白欧柔”产量都高。选育的新品种都能抗麦秆蝇、耐盐碱、耐锈,在当地盐碱化较重、较瘠薄的土地上,表现出丰产的性能,缺点是抗倒伏能力还不强。已从1974年开始与一些新引进的矮秆品种杂交,以期选育出更好的新品种。
Straw flies are the major pests in the spring wheat area of North China. Different varieties of spring wheat are affected by the degree of flies, there is a clear difference. Straw flies have strict selectivity to spawning plants. The main fertility and morphological characteristics of the insect-resistant varieties are mature early, especially in early growth and leaf blade base narrow, long and dense leaf hair. This work started in 1960 and was carried out in the former State-owned Middle Beach Farm in western Inner Mongolia. Locally, the hazards of soil salinization and rust are also important issues in wheat production. Therefore, the goal of breeding new varieties in addition to high yield and resistance to straw flies, but also required to be able to salinity and rust. From the variety of materials available at the moment, choose a high yield, anti-rust, not lodging for the parent side. With anti-wheat straw flies, salt-resistant parents as the other side, hybrid breeding. In 1967 from the self-breeding varieties, selected “6407” and “6410” two varieties used in production. In 1974, another 5 new varieties were produced. According to the trial of field plots and the comparison of field production, “6410” is higher than the yield of “Xiaoyoubai”, a major local peasant breed, and “Baouyou soft”, the main popularized variety. Breeding of new varieties are resistant to straw flies, salt, rust, in the local saline-alkali, barren land, showing the performance of high yield, the disadvantage is that the ability to lodging is not strong. Has been hybridized with some newly introduced dwarf varieties since 1974, with a view to breeding better new varieties.