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目的分析2002-2010年围产儿出生缺陷流行病学特征及影响因素。方法以2002-2010年广东医学院附属南山医院分娩信息及出生缺陷的监测资料为基础,对缺陷率及影响因素进行分析。结果 9年间出生缺陷率为15.88‰,2007年后缺陷率明显增高;缺陷儿死亡占围产儿死亡的24.88%;前五位出生缺陷依次为先天性心脏病、多指+并指、总唇腭裂、胎儿水肿综合征、神经管畸形,共占畸形总数的52.55%;出生缺陷发生与户籍、性别、季节、胎数及产妇年龄、文化程度、孕次、产次有关。结论出生缺陷防控形势严峻,应深入开展主要缺陷的病因学研究,以提供有效的防控措施;而广泛的健康教育,婚前、孕前优生优育指导,规范化孕产期保健及新生儿体检都是降低出生缺陷,提高人口素质的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of birth defects in perinatals from 2002 to 2010. Methods Based on the monitoring data of birth information and birth defects of Nanshan Hospital affiliated to Guangdong Medical College from 2002 to 2010, the defect rate and influencing factors were analyzed. Results The rate of birth defects was 15.88 ‰ in 9 years. The rate of defects was significantly increased after 2007. The number of defective children accounted for 24.88% of the total number of perinatal deaths. The first five birth defects were congenital heart disease, multi-finger + and total cleft lip and palate , Fetal edema syndrome, neural tube defects, accounting for 52.55% of the total deformities; birth defects occur with the household registration, sex, season, number of births and maternal age, education, pregnancy times, delivery times. Conclusions The prevention and control of birth defects are serious. Etiology of major defects should be further studied to provide effective prevention and control measures. However, extensive health education, prenatal and prenatal guidance of prenatal and postnatal care, standardized maternal health and neonatal examination are all Reduce birth defects, improve the quality of the population important measures.