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河西走廊灌区质地中壤的灌漠土上,21年的长期定位试验表明:无有机肥条件下连年施用化肥比无肥处理增产粮食19.6%～300.5%,比有机肥增产16.2%～101.6%,对粮食增产贡献率平均达50%。连续平衡施用化肥,土壤有机质含量连续19年下降了24.9%～27.4%;土壤全N比初始年提高13.7%～46.1%,速效N含量呈稳中下降的动态;土壤全P含量比初始年提高4.4%～5.1%,速效P含量提高16.3%～19.1%;土壤K素库处于长期亏缺状态,速效K含量呈稳步降低的动态。化肥养分具有明显的间接培肥效应,在生物循环中以有机肥为载体下年输入土壤的N、P、K化肥养分分别占当年投入量的27.1%～31.3%、23.8%～27.0%和33.2%;化肥增产的秸秆有机C输入下年土壤的达567.3～626.7kg/hm2,证明有机肥中相当一部分养分来自化肥及其化肥的生产物。
The 21-year long-term experiment on irrigated desert soil in the medium soil of Hexi corridor irrigation area showed that under the condition of no organic fertilizer, the successive application of chemical fertilizer was 19.6% -300.5% more than the no-fertilizer treatment and 16.2% -101.6% more than the organic fertilizer, Contribution rate of increase of grain average of 50%. With continuous and balanced application of chemical fertilizers, soil organic matter content decreased by 24.9% -27.4% for 19 consecutive years. Soil N increased by 13.7% -46.1% compared with the initial year, while available N content showed steady decline. Soil P content was higher than that of the initial year 4.4% -5.1%, and the content of available P increased by 16.3% -19.1%. The soil K-sink was in a long-term deficit state and the available K content showed a steady decline. Fertilizer nutrients have obvious indirect fertilizing effect. The nutrients of N, P and K fertilizers input into the soil next year with organic fertilizer as carrier are respectively 27.1% -31.3%, 23.8% -27.0% and 33.2 %; Straw organic C fertilizer yield of 567.3 ~ 626.7kg / hm2 soil next year, to prove that a considerable part of the organic fertilizer nutrients from fertilizers and fertilizer production.