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目的建立新鲜食用蘑菇中同时测定37种脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法,并对市售新鲜蘑菇中脂肪酸进行检测及营养调查。方法样品中的脂肪酸经提取、皂化、甲酯化后,以正己烷提取,采用SP-2560毛细管气相色谱柱(100 m×0.25 mm×0.2μm)进行气相色谱-质谱分析检测,以十九碳酸甲酯为内标定量。结果 37种脂肪酸在其浓度范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r≥0.999,方法的最低检测限为0.1 mg/100 g~0.4 mg/100 g;回收率为76.3%~108.3%;相对标准偏差为3.17%~7.62%。对采集的6种新鲜蘑菇进行检测,发现竹荪中不饱和脂肪酸含量最高且种类最多。结论本法具有操作简单,灵敏度高,定性定量准确等特点,适用于新鲜蘑菇中37种脂肪酸的检测,为食用菌类植物中营养成分的监测和评估提供了技术支持。
Objective To establish a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the simultaneous determination of 37 fatty acids in fresh edible mushrooms. The fatty acids in fresh mushrooms were tested and nutritionally investigated. Methods The fatty acids in the samples were extracted, saponified and methyl-esterified, extracted with n-hexane and detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with SP-2560 capillary gas chromatographic column (100 m × 0.25 mm × 0.2 μm) Methyl ester as internal standard. Results 37 kinds of fatty acids showed a good linear relationship in the concentration range, the linear correlation coefficient r ≥ 0.999, the detection limit of the method was 0.1 mg / 100 g ~ 0.4 mg / 100 g, the recovery was 76.3% -108.3%. The relative standard deviations were 3.17% ~ 7.62%. The collected six kinds of fresh mushrooms were detected and found that Dictyophora the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids and the largest species. Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive, qualitative and quantitative accurate, suitable for the detection of 37 kinds of fatty acids in fresh mushrooms, and provides technical support for the monitoring and evaluation of nutrients in edible fungi.