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目的了解广州市2008年实施扩大国家免疫规划(扩免)以来免疫规划工作现况,分析2011年广州市0~6岁学龄前儿童实施扩免的效果,为进一步制定免疫规划工作策略提供科学依据。方法收集2007年及2011年广东省免疫规划基础资料年报表(包括接种率数据和冷链设备数据等)及疫苗相关传染病疫情数据,对广州市所辖12个区(县)扩免实施前、后的疫苗使用数量、冷链设备配置情况、接种率、疫苗相关传染病的发病情况和不良反应监测资料进行对比分析。结果扩免后(2011年)共接种6 057 075人次,比扩免前(2007年)增加1 729 224人次,增加了39.96%(1 729 224/4 327 851)。扩免后,全市共有疫苗运输车10辆、冷藏车7辆、普通和低温冷库33座、普通和低温冰箱1 031台、冷藏运输箱802个、冰排13 455个,冷链设备总数量较扩免前增加了11.42%(1 572/13 766)。相关疫苗接种率均达到99%以上(99.18%~99.69%),与扩免前比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生率扩免前为7.43/10万(394/5 304 015),扩免后为5.98/10万(444/7 421 358),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。扩免后,除流行性腮腺炎、风疹发病率升高外,结核病、乙肝、麻疹、乙脑、新生儿破伤风、甲肝、流脑发病率总体均呈下降趋势,脊髓灰质炎、百日咳、白喉、流脑均无病例报告。结论广州市开展扩免工作以来,国家免疫规划疫苗接种率维持在较高水平,扩大免疫相关疫苗针对传染病发病率总体呈下降趋势。
Objective To understand the current situation of immunization planning in Guangzhou after the implementation of the expansion of the national immunization program in 2008 and to analyze the effect of the expansion of preschool children aged 0 ~ 6 years in Guangzhou in 2011 so as to provide a scientific basis for further development of immunization planning strategies . Methods The annual reports on immunization planning data (including vaccination rate data and cold chain equipment data) of Guangdong Province in 2007 and 2011 and the epidemic data of vaccine-related infectious diseases were collected. Before the implementation of the 12 districts (counties) under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou Municipality , The number of vaccines after use, cold chain equipment configuration, vaccination rate, the incidence of vaccine-related infectious diseases and adverse reaction monitoring data for comparative analysis. Results After the immunization (2011), 6,057,075 people were inoculated, an increase of 1 729,224 or 39.96% (1 729 224/4 327 851) before the pre-release (2007). After the expansion, the city has a total of 10 vaccine delivery vehicles, 7 refrigerated trucks, 33 ordinary and low temperature refrigerators, 1,031 ordinary and low temperature refrigerators, 802 refrigerated transport containers and 13,455 ice chillers, An increase of 11.42% (1 572/13 766) before the downturn. (99.18% -99.69%), the difference was statistically significant compared with that before expansion (all P <0.01). The incidence of suspected immunization inoculation (AEFI) before vaccination was 7.43 / 100000 (394/5 304 015), and 5.98 / 100000 (444/7 421 358) after the expansion. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). In addition to mumps and rubella, the incidence of tuberculosis, hepatitis B, measles, Japanese encephalitis, neonatal tetanus, hepatitis A and meningitis decreased after the expansion. Polio, whooping cough, diphtheria , No case report of meningitis. Conclusions Since the expansion of Guangzhou City, the vaccination coverage of the national immunization program has been maintained at a high level. The overall incidence of infectious diseases in immunization-related vaccines has been declining.