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利用形状记忆因子,直观地描述了形状记忆合金(SMA)实现其超弹性与形状记忆效应的热力学宏观过程.根据热力学基本原理并假设SMA为各向同性材料,建立了描述复杂应力状态下SMA热力学行为的三维本构方程.该本构方程具有直观的表述形式且所含材料常数均可以通过宏观实验测定,克服了现存SMA三维本构方程由于表述形式复杂和材料参数不易测定等因素而不便于描述复杂应力状态下SMA热力学行为的局限性.该本构方程还克服了现存SMA三维本构方程不能描述含初始应力和初始应变SMA热力学行为的局限性.数值结果表明,该本构方程能有效地描述复杂应力状态下SMA在实现超弹性和形状记忆效应过程中的热力学行为,为SMA的工程实际应用提供了理论基础.
Using the shape memory factor, the thermodynamic macroscopic process of shape memory alloy (SMA) to realize its superelasticity and shape memory effect is described intuitively.According to the fundamental thermodynamics and assuming that the SMA is isotropic material, the SMA thermodynamics Behavior of three-dimensional constitutive equation.The constitutive equation with an intuitive representation of the material constants can be determined by macroscopic experiments to overcome the existing SMA three-dimensional constitutive equations because of the complex form and difficult to determine the material parameters and other factors and inconvenient This constitutive equation also overcomes the limitations of existing three-dimensional SMA constitutive equations that can not describe the behavior of SMA with initial stress and initial strain SMA.The numerical results show that this constitutive equation is effective To describe the thermodynamic behavior of SMA in achieving super-elastic and shape memory effect in complex stress state, which provides a theoretical basis for the practical application of SMA.