堆山、叠石是我国园林艺术中的传统技术之一,早在西汉初期已有所应用,此后不断发展,为世界各国园林中所罕见。对堆山、叠石的植物景观,不仅是观赏美丽的花,珍奇的树,而是更期望能表现出自然景观之美,令人置身其中,有神游物外的情趣,故植物的景观配置,不仅是自然树木的缩小及临摹,而是要体现出该植物及其背景整体画面的自然美。因此,在选择树木时,要求高山植物,须真有高山植物的树姿,溪流植物须富有溪流植物的特征,移植于山石之中培养时,要靠创作技巧,以表现出调和整体的意境,要超越山野原状的理想风格,达到诗情画意的境界。山石的植物景观配置种类很多,从树形姿态上分常见的有以下各式:直干式:以乔木挺直的树干,作为优美树姿的理想图案。这种方法仅留一直立主干,根蔓向四面八方隆起,蟠曲如龙,固着力强健,颇具安全感,树冠部渐呈园整,而且分枝长短参差,富于变化,显示出结实、有力。如:榉、山毛榉、银杏、梅等多采用此法。 Dushan and stacked stones are one of the traditional techniques in China’s garden art. They have been applied as early as in the early Western Han Dynasty and have continued to develop since then. They have been rare in gardens around the world. The view of the mountainous and stone-stacked plants is not only for viewing beautiful flowers and exotic trees, but also for expressing the beauty of the natural landscape, immersing them in the environment, and having a sense of interest outside the landscape, so the landscape configuration of the plants, It is not only the reduction of natural trees, but also the natural beauty of the overall picture of the plant and its background. Therefore, in the selection of trees, the alpine plants are required to have the saplings of the alpine plants. The stream plants must be rich in the characteristics of the stream plants. When transplanted into the mountains and stones, they must rely on creative skills to demonstrate the overall artistic conception. Go beyond the ideal style of the wilderness and reach the realm of poetic. There are many types of plant landscapes in mountains and rocks. From the point of view of the tree shape, there are the following types: Straight-dry: Trunks with straight trees, ideal for graceful trees. This method only left the main body upright, and the roots spread in all directions, distorted like dragons, strong fixation, and a sense of security. The canopy gradually became round and round, and its branches varied in length and varied, showing strong and powerful. . Such as: cockroaches, beech, ginkgo, plum, etc. use this method.