本文用B 超对胎龄20～41周的150例正常胎儿肾脏作了观察,测量肾纵径和前后径的大小,观察胎儿的肾脏发育及其大小与胎龄、性别、双顶径的关系.结果显示:胎儿肾脏纵径和前后径均随胎龄的增加而增大,随着双顶径的增加肾脏亦随之增大,且呈直线性相关增加.因此,测量胎儿肾脏纵径和前后径可做为判断不同胎龄胎儿的肾脏发育,是早期诊断肾脏及尿路畸形的重要手段. In this paper, 150 cases of normal fetal kidneys with gestational age of 20-41 weeks were observed with B-ultrasound, and the size of kidney’s longitudinal diameter and anteroposterior diameter were measured. The relationship between fetal kidney development and its size, gestational age, gender and biparietal diameter The results showed that the longitudinal diameter and anteroposterior diameter of fetal kidneys increased with the increase of gestational age, with the increase of biparietal diameter, the kidneys also increased, and the linear correlation increased.Therefore, the measurement of fetal kidney length and Anteroposterior diameter can be used to determine the development of the kidneys of different gestational age fetuses, early diagnosis of renal and urinary tract anomalies is an important means.