牛蒡子为常用的疏散风热药,《药典》(77年版)、《中药大辞典》等书所载为菊科植物牛蒡Arctium lappa L.的干燥成熟果实。但近年来,我们在工作中曾多次发现一种伪品,经种植后,鉴定为菊科植物大鳍蓟Onopordonacanthium L.的干燥成熟果实,又名新疆牛蒡。现将两者的鉴别点列表如下,供同行们参考。 Burdock is a commonly used evacuation and wind-heating drug. The “Pharmacopoeia” (77th edition), “Chinese Dictionary of Medicine” and other books contain dried mature fruits of the compositae Arctium lappa L. However, in recent years, we have repeatedly found a counterfeit product in our work. After planting, it was identified as the dry mature fruit of Onopordonacanthium L., also known as Xinjiang calf. The two points of discrimination are listed below for reference by their counterparts.