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目的了解莱阳市法定传染病的发病趋势和流行特征,为制定预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对莱阳市2011~2015年法定传染病的发病趋势和流行特征进行分析。结果莱阳市2011~2015年报告法定传染病20种发病9 329例,年平均发病率为209.64/10万,发病率2013年(258.39/10万)达到峰值后呈下降趋势,不同年份乙丙类传染病发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血源及性传播传染病、呼吸道传染病、肠道传染病、自然疫源和虫媒传染病年均发病率分别为47.71/10万、44.16/10万、14.99/10万、1.96/10万,不同种类法定传染病发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病率最高的前5种传染病依次为其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核、乙肝、手足口病、梅毒,年均发病率分别为78.96/10万、43.44/10万、34.38/10万、13.69/10万、7.62/10万。结论 2011~2015年莱阳市法定报告传染病总体呈先上升后下降趋势,各传染病在不同时期有不同的流行特点和规律。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Laiyang City and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Laiyang from 2011 to 2015. Results From 2011 to 2015, Laiyang City reported 9 329 cases of 20 cases of notifiable infectious diseases with an average annual incidence of 209.64 / lakh. The incidence rate of lamivudine in 2013 (258.39 / lakh) peaked at a decreasing trend. In different years, The incidence of infectious diseases was statistically significant (P <0.01). The annual average incidence rates of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections, respiratory diseases, intestinal infectious diseases, natural foci and insect-borne diseases were 47.71 / 100,000, 44.16 / 100,000, 14.99 / 100,000, and 1.96 / 100,000 respectively There were significant differences in the incidence of different types of notifiable infectious diseases (P <0.01). The top five infectious diseases with the highest morbidity were other infectious diarrhea, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, hand-foot-mouth disease and syphilis with an average annual incidence of 78.96 / 100000, 43.44 / 100000, 34.38 / 100000, 13.69 / 100,000, 7.62 / 100,000. Conclusion From 2011 to 2015, the total number of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Laiyang City increased firstly and then decreased. Different infectious diseases have different epidemic characteristics and laws at different periods.