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海萝属(Gloiopeltis)的经济价值颇高,其藻类提取物在化工、医药和食品等领域有着广泛应用,但近年来的过度开采导致自然海区内海萝属藻类资源量日益下降。目前海萝属藻类仍处于粗放式增殖状态,亟待开展规模化的人工养殖,然而其养殖方面的相关研究与其他经济海藻相比明显滞后。本文概述了海萝属的空间分布情况,并对海萝属藻类的繁殖生物学研究进行回顾,介绍了其生活史、繁殖方式、孢子保存方法及萌发过程。对生理生态学研究进行了重点描述,包括影响孢子释放、附着、萌发与成活的因素,以及影响藻体生长、繁殖及存活的因素。概述了海萝属藻类增养殖领域的研究及应用现状。指出选育耐高温且生长性状良好的新品系是今后海萝属藻类养殖业发展的重点内容。
Gloiopeltis is of high economic value. Its algae extract has been widely used in the fields of chemical industry, medicine and food. Over-exploitation in recent years has led to the declining of Algae resources in the natural sea area. At present, the seaweed is still in a state of extensive proliferation of algae, the need to carry out large-scale artificial breeding, but its related research in culture and other economic seaweed significantly lagged. This article summarizes the spatial distribution of the genus, and reviews the reproductive biology of the genus Theropheitium. The life history, breeding methods, spore preservation methods and germination process are introduced. Ecophysiological studies have been highlighted, including factors that affect the release, attachment, germination and survival of spores, as well as the factors that affect the growth, reproduction and survival of the algae. The research status and application status of the marine culture of the genus Sealus are summarized. Pointed out that the selection of high temperature and good growth of new lines is the future development of the focus of the development of marine culture industry.