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鲍曼不动杆菌（Ab）在环境中分布广泛，该菌具有膜孔蛋白、荚膜多糖、磷脂酶、外膜囊泡和铁摄取等多种毒力因子，且天然耐药及获得性耐药能力显著，产生耐药酶、作用靶点改变、外排泵系统、膜通透性改变、产生生物被膜等多种耐药机制，表现出对环境和抗菌药物的极强适应力。本文对Ab的致病因子、耐药机制进行概述。“,”Acinetobacter baumanii (Ab) is widely distributed in the environment. Ab has many virulence factors, such as porin, capsular polysaccharide, phospholipase, outer membrane vesicles and iron uptake.In addition, the bacteria have significant natural and acquired resistance to antibiotics, resulting in multiple drug resistance mechanisms, such as production of drug-resistant enzymes, changes in the target of action, efflux pump system, membrane permeability changes, and biofilm formation, showing strong adaptability to the environment and antimicrobial drugs. In this paper, pathogenic factors and drug resistance mechanism of Ab are summarized.