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在西南水电大开发中,柱状节理岩体的工程力学性质逐渐受到水利工程的重视。白鹤滩水电站坝基揭露的柱状节理玄武岩体,RQD值普遍较低,完整性较差,其变形模量等力学指标相对较低,表现出显著的各向异性特征,对拱坝变形、坝肩稳定、边坡稳定、地下洞室群围岩稳定有重要影响,已成为该水电工程的关键技术问题之一。针对国内外对柱状节理岩体的研究及相关工程的经验甚少,白鹤滩水电站拟开展的大尺度柱状节理玄武岩试验洞,目的是获得反映柱状节理玄武岩力学特性的第一手观测资料。介绍了白鹤滩柱状节理的地质成因和工程特性及柱状节理试验洞的设计布置,探讨了原位试验和数值试验结合的分析方法,并采用各向异性本构模拟了试验洞开挖和原位试验,对不同位置试验点的代表性进行了评价。
In the large-scale hydropower development in Southwest China, the mechanical properties of columnar jointed rock masses are gradually being emphasized by water conservancy projects. The columnar jointed basalts exposed by the Baihetan Hydropower Station dam foundation are generally low in RQD value and poor in integrity. Their mechanical moduli such as deformation modulus are relatively low and show obvious anisotropy characteristics. The deformation of the arch dam, , The stability of the slope and the stability of the surrounding rock mass of the underground cavern group have an important influence and have become one of the key technical problems of the hydropower project. In view of the lack of research on columnar jointed rock mass and related engineering both at home and abroad, the large-scale columnar jointed basalt test tunnel to be developed by Baihetan Hydropower Station aims to obtain the first-hand observation data reflecting the mechanical properties of columnar jointed basalt. This paper introduces the geological formation and engineering characteristics of Baihetan columnar joint and the design and arrangement of columnar joint test tunnels. The analysis methods of in situ and numerical experiments are discussed. The anisotropic constitutive model is used to simulate the excavation and in situ test , To evaluate the representativeness of test points in different locations.