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目的探讨血液透析合并脑出血患者的病情观察要点和护理。方法回顾2008年以来我院神经外科收治的20例血液透析合并脑出血患者的住院资料，总结针对各严重并发症出现的时间和采取的措施，提出此类患者的病情观察要点和护理规范。结果护理人员根据病情观察的要点，及时发现病情的变化，采取相应的治疗措施，降低了死亡率。本组20例，死亡6例，死亡率30%。结论血液透析合并脑出血患者病情重、变化快、并发症多且重、死亡率高。由于此类患者的病情涉及多学科，给整体护理带来了一定的难度，神经外科护士面临的是多学科复杂的重症患者，要求具备神经外科、肾内科、心内科、血管外科等科室的专科护理知识和技能，在此类患者的病情观察方面有一定的优势。“,”Objective To investigate the highlights of observation and nursing care of hemodialysis patients complicated with cerebral hemorrhage. Method Review the medical records of 20 hemodialysis cases complicated with cerebral hemorrhage in our department of neurosurgery since 2008. Summarize the onset time and nursing measures of severe complications. Propose the highlights of observation and the standard of nursing care. Results According to the highlights of observation, nurses monitored the changes of patients' condition and took relevant treatment measures promptly in order to reduce the mortality. Conclusion Hemodialysis patients complicated with cerebral hemorrhage are characterized by severe il ness, rapid changes, many serious complications and high mortality. It would be a chal enge for nurses to develop the holistic nursing care of involving many subjects. However, the nurses in department of neurosurgery stil have unique advantages in observation of such patients, as they face the complex interdisciplinary severe patients frequently and have interdisciplinary nursing knowledge and skil s such as Neurosurgery, Cardiology, kidney, vascular surgery et al.