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野燕麦是麦田恶性杂草之一,近几年在扬州里下河地区发展较快。据1990年调查,全区发生面积达104万亩,占三麦播种面积的16.1％。高密度严重危害田块(每亩5万株以上)也急剧增加,全区约有10万亩左右。调查结果还表明,每3～4年危害面积和危害程度增加1倍。据上海、河南等地报道,实行水早轮作、稻麦轮作是综合防除野燕麦的有效措施之一。而扬州里下河地区是典型的稻麦两熟冬麦区,为什么部分地区部分田块野燕麦发生相当严重(30万株/亩以上),而且危害面积和程度不断扩大。这不仅是播种时带草种下田,而更重要的是存在着自然脱落的野燕麦种子在稻田越夏的问题。对此,1989～1991年我们做了本项研究工作。
Wild oats is one of the malignant weeds in wheat fields, and the Lixiahe area in Yangzhou has developed rapidly in recent years. According to a survey conducted in 1990, the area of the whole area hit 1.04 million mu, accounting for 16.1% of the sown area of San Mai. High-density severely damaged plots (more than 50,000 per acre) also increased sharply, the region about 10 acres or so. The survey results also show that every 3 to 4 years, the damage area and degree of harm increased by 1 times. According to reports from Shanghai and Henan, implementing early rotation of water and rotation of rice and wheat are effective measures to comprehensively control wild oats. However, the Lixiahe area in Yangzhou is a typical winter wheat-wheat area where rice and wheat are cooked twice. As a result, wild oats occur in some fields in some areas (300,000 trees / mu or more), and the harm area and degree are expanding. This is not only the case of planting grass with seeds, but more importantly the problem of naturally falling wild oats in the summer. In this regard, we did the research work from 1989 to 1991.