一、几何光学的基本规律光对人类活动的重要性是众所周知的。《创世纪》中说,上帝在第一天就造了光(“神说,要有光,就有了光”),这也从一个侧面反映了光对人类的至关重要性。在人类认识光的本性以前,一直将光看成“光线”。在各向同性的媒质中,光沿直线传播,即光线是直线;只有当光遇到障碍物或媒质不均匀情况时,光线 First, the basic laws of geometric optics The importance of light on human activity is well known. In Genesis it is said that God created light on the first day (“God says there should be light, and there is light”), which also reflects the vital importance of light to mankind from one aspect. Until humans know the nature of light, they have always regarded light as “light ”. In isotropic media, light propagates along a straight line, that is, the light is a straight line; only when light encounters an obstacle or an uneven medium, the light