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目的探讨缺血性血管性认知障碍(VCI)患者行颈动脉多普勒彩色超声检查的临床意义。方法选取南通大学附属建湖医院脑血管病科2014年收治的脑梗死后VCI患者40例为VCI组,另选取同期入院脑梗死后非VCI患者40例为非VCI组(NVCI组)。记录比较两组患者的吸烟史、糖尿病病史、高血压病史、胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、内膜中层厚度(IMT)、斑块稳定程度、脑梗死体积、病程及病灶数目。结果两组患者性别、TC、TG、LDL、病程及吸烟史、糖尿病病史、高血压病史者所占比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);VCI组患者脑梗死体积大于NVCI组,病灶数目≥3个发生率高于NVCI组(P<0.05)。VCI组患者颈总动脉、颈内动脉、颈动脉分叉IMT厚于NVCI组(P<0.05)。VCI组患者斑块稳定程度差于NVCI组(P<0.05)。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及其稳定性严重影响VCI的发生及发展,而颈动脉多普勒彩色超声可作为评估颈动脉粥样硬化经济有效的方法。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of carotid artery color Doppler sonography in patients with ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Methods Forty VCI patients with cerebral infarction who were admitted to Jianhu Hospital affiliated to Nantong University in 2014 were enrolled as VCI group. Another 40 non VCI patients were enrolled as non-VCI group. The smoking history, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), intima-media thickness (IMT), plaque stability, Infarct size, duration and number of lesions. Results There was no significant difference in the proportions of gender, TC, TG, LDL, duration of disease, smoking history, history of diabetes mellitus and history of hypertension between the two groups (P> 0.05). The volume of cerebral infarction in VCI group was larger than that in NVCI group, The number of lesions> 3 was higher than that of NVCI group (P <0.05). The bifurcated IMT of common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and carotid artery in VCI group was thicker than NVCI group (P <0.05). The plaque stability in VCI group was worse than that in NVCI group (P <0.05). Conclusion Carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque and its stability seriously affect the occurrence and development of VCI, while carotid artery Doppler ultrasound can be used as a cost-effective method to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis.