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目的调查邢台山区老年脑卒中后抑郁的患病率,探索其与人格特征和特质应对方式的关系,为老年脑卒中后抑郁的防治提供依据。方法于2015年2-5月,采用分层抽样抽取邢台山区老年脑卒中患者682例,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项(HAMD-17)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)进行现况调查,采用t检验、相关和多重线性回归分析老年脑卒中后抑郁患者的人格特征和应对方式。结果 (1)邢台山区老年脑卒中后抑郁的患病率为31.67%,轻度抑郁患病率为16.42%;中度抑郁患病率为11.58%;重度抑郁患病率为3.67%。(2)老年脑卒中后抑郁患者和老年脑卒中非抑郁患者人格特征四个维度(精神质、内外向、神经质和掩饰性)得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)邢台山区老年脑卒中后抑郁患者和老年脑卒中非抑郁患者积极应对和消极应对得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)多重线性回归分析显示复相关系数(R)为0.67,汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项得分与精神质量表得分、神经质量表得分、掩饰性量表得分及消极应对方式得分呈正相关(P<0.05),与内外向量表得分和积极应对方式得分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论邢台山区老年脑卒中后抑郁的患病率不高,其发生与神经质和内向人格特征有关,消极应对方式是老年脑卒中后抑郁的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of post-stroke depression in elderly in Xingtai Mountains and to explore its relationship with personality traits and idiosyncratic coping styles, so as to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of post-stroke depression in the elderly. Methods From February to May 2015, 682 elderly stroke patients in Xingtai mountainous area were sampled by stratified sampling. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 (HAMD-17), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire TCSQ) were used to investigate the personality traits and coping styles of senile post-stroke depression patients using t test, correlation and multiple linear regression. Results (1) The prevalence of post-stroke depression in Xingtai mountainous area was 31.67%, the prevalence of mild depression was 16.42%, the prevalence of moderate depression was 11.58%, and the prevalence of severe depression was 3.67%. (2) There were significant differences in scores of personality in four dimensions (mental quality, extroversion, neuroticism and disguise) in elderly patients with post-stroke depression and non-depression in elderly patients with stroke (P <0.05); (3) Xingtai (P <0.05). (4) The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the multiple correlation coefficient (R) was 0.67, and the difference between the positive coping and negative coping scores in the elderly patients with post-stroke depression and senile stroke without depression was 0.67, The scores of 17 items of depression scale were positively correlated with scores of mental quality score, neuroticism score, maskedness scale and negative coping style (P <0.05), and negatively correlated with scores of internal and external questionnaire and positive coping style (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of post-stroke depression in elderly in Xingtai Mountains is not high. The occurrence of depression is related to the neurotic and introverted personality traits. The negative coping style is a risk factor for post-stroke depression in the elderly.