目的了解2013年十堰市3类场所禽流感流行特点,为有效防控禽流感提供依据。方法 2013年选择十堰市与禽类有接触的且有代表性的3类场所,按月份采集不同种类的外环境标本160份,采用Real-time PCR方法检测流感病毒核酸,使用SPSS 17.0进行数据分析。结果外环境中甲型流感(Flu A)、H5、H9、H5-H9、N1检出率分别为29.38%、21.25%、11.88%、6.88%、4.38%;3类场所中大型家禽养殖场未检测到阳性标本,活禽农贸市场与大型家禽屠宰厂流感病毒核酸检测阳性率分别为45.00%和48.33%;大型家禽屠宰厂H5亚型阳性率明显高于H9亚型(χ2=24.020,P‐0.05);在活禽农贸市场检出7份N1核酸阳性标本,其H5亚型与H9亚型存在着显著性差异(χ2=4.091,P‐0.05);外环境中禽流感病毒核酸检出率整体上下半年高于上半年,且存在两个峰,4月与11月。结论十堰市3类场所分布着包括H5N1在内的多种禽流感病毒,相关部门应在上半年4月与下半年11月重点监测活禽农贸市场和大型家禽屠宰厂禽流感感染状况,并制定防控多种禽流感亚型的综合措施。 Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of bird flu in three types of places in Shiyan in 2013 and provide the basis for effective prevention and control of bird flu. Methods In 2013, 160 sites with different types of environmental samples were collected by monthly sampling in three types of sites that were in contact with birds. Real-time PCR was used to detect influenza virus nucleic acid and the data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results The detection rates of Flu A, H5, H9, H5-H9 and N1 in the external environment were 29.38%, 21.25%, 11.88%, 6.88% and 4.38% respectively. Large-scale poultry farms in three kinds of venues The positive rates of positive samples, live poultry farmer’s market and large-scale poultry slaughter plant were 45.00% and 48.33% respectively. The positive rate of H5 subtype in large poultry slaughter plant was significantly higher than that of H9 subtype (χ2 = 24.020, P- 0.05). There were significant differences in H5 subtypes and H9 subtypes (χ2 = 4.091, P <0.05) among seven N1 positive samples detected in live poultry farmers markets. The detection rate of nucleic acid of avian influenza virus in external environment As a whole, the first half of the year was higher than the first half of the year, with two peaks in April and November. Conclusions There are many kinds of avian flu virus including H5N1 distributed in three types of places in Shiyan. Relevant departments should monitor the bird flu prevalence in live poultry farmer’s market and large-scale poultry slaughtering plant in April and the second half of the first half of the year, Integrated measures to control multiple avian influenza subtypes.