我国古代知识分子有个显著的特点,即:一方面有儒家出将入相、建功立业、光宗耀祖的名利思想,另一方面又渴求道家回归自然,返璞归真,清净无争的生活环境。但凡熟读史书的士子,多被这种儒、道相济的观念所浸淫而不自知。亲近自然、回归自然、融入自然、物我两忘,人们多把道家的这种思想观念追本溯源到黄帝的乘龙升天,认为道家追慕黄帝,渴盼得道成仙。其实在长达两千多年里,仕宦阶层中绝大多数的人倒未必都想羽化成仙,况且黄帝乘龙升天神话色彩浓重,人们自知学不来的。事实上中国人骨子里就有亲近自然、回归自然的情愫,笔者以为这种朴素 There are notable features of our ancient intellectuals: on the one hand, there are Confucian ideas of fame and fortune, achievements of the founding of the founding masses, and the founding of the celebrity and the illusion of the bright ancestors. On the other hand, they are also desirous of returning the Taoist to the nature and returning to nature and a clean and unconstrained living environment. However, all those who are familiar with history books are mostly infatuated with this kind of Confucianism and Taoism, without knowing it. Close to nature, return to nature, into nature, I have two forgotten, people are more Taoist this idea traced back to the Yellow Emperor’s dragon, that the Taoist admire the Yellow Emperor, eager to obtain immortality. In fact, for more than two thousand years, the vast majority of people in the official class may not necessarily want to become immortal. Moreover, as the myth of the Yellow Emperor ascended the throne is thick and colorful, people can not learn from it. In fact, there are Chinese people close to the natural bones, return to the natural feelings, I think this simple