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在清代,商籍主要是指为盐商及其子弟设立的应考科举的籍类标记。但除此之外,“商籍”一词尚有其他的某些含义。科举考试中的商籍,是盐业与科举“联姻”的产物,同时也是政府与盐商之间利益交换的产物。清代在延续明代旧有商籍的基础上,在全国多个省份均设置了商籍学额与中额。在别省行盐执引者及其亲子弟侄果系无法回籍应试,是商籍应考条件最为严整的规定。但一方面这种应考规定在某些地区存在一定的变通之处,另一方面制度的成文规定并不能必然保证其完全按章运作,在录取率较高的背景下,大量本身并不符合应考条件的考生纷纷冒考商籍,由此造成了清代科举史上的一大冒籍类别。
In the Qing Dynasty, merchant registration mainly refers to the category markings of the exams that should be set up for the salt merchants and their children. But in addition, the term “商籍” has some other meanings. The commercial register in the imperial examinations is the product of the “marriage” between the salt industry and the imperial examination and the product of the exchange of interests between the government and the salt merchants. On the basis of the continuation of the old merchants of the Ming Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty, commercial places and quotas were set in various provinces across the country. In other provinces salt promoter and his relatives and grandchildren can not be home test, is the most stringent business requirements of the conditions. However, on the one hand, there are certain variations in such examination requirements in some areas. On the other hand, the written provisions of the system do not necessarily ensure that they operate in complete accordance with the rules. In the context of a high admission rate, Candidates have to take the test of business conditions, resulting in the Qing imperial civil examinations in the history of a large category of imperialism.