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本文介绍曲轴磨床动态特性的优化方法.首先采用正交设计和方差分析对有关机床动态特性的尺寸参数和特征系数进行筛选,以选取设计变量.然后取沿工件全长左、中和右三处砂轮与工件间“切削点”动柔度作为目标函数.并分别用含主要目标法的复合形法以及含线性组合法的复合形法寻优.优化结果表明:减轻砂轮(连卡盘)和皮带轮的重量.缩短砂轮和皮带轮的悬伸长度,适当增大主轴跨距均能减小“切削点”动柔度;工件重量有一最适宜的范围。从优化工件左、中部动柔度来说,宜提高主轴前轴承刚度,适当减小尾顶尖系统刚度和砂轮与工件的接触刚度;而从优化工件右端动柔度来说,则恰好相反,故需进行协调,使三处的“切削点”动柔度均能减小且趋均衡.
This paper introduces the optimization method of dynamic characteristics of crankshaft grinding machine.Firstly, using the orthogonal design and analysis of variance, the dimension parameters and the characteristic coefficients of dynamic characteristics of the machine tool are screened to select the design variables.Then the left, middle and right three The “cutting point” and the softness between the grinding wheel and the workpiece are taken as the objective function, and are respectively optimized by the complex method with the main target method and the complex method with the linear combination method. The optimization results show that the reduction of grinding wheel ) And the weight of the pulley to shorten the overhanging length of the wheel and pulley, the spindle can be properly increased Span can reduce “cutting point ” flexible; work piece weight has a most suitable range. From the perspective of optimizing the flexibility of the left and middle parts of the workpiece, it is necessary to increase the rigidity of the front axle bearing and properly reduce the rigidity of the tip-end system and the contact rigidity between the grinding wheel and the workpiece. In contrast, the right- Need to be coordinated so that the three “cutting point ” dynamic flexibility can be reduced and balanced.