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最近披露的俄国档案文件显示,在朝鲜战争初期,美国参战迫使中苏两国领导人都想到了中国出兵的问题。为此,斯大林承诺苏联出动空军掩护中国地面部队,但没有说明出动的时间和方式;毛泽东想及早派兵参战以便尽快结束战争,但斯大林并不急于使用中国军队,因为这涉及苏联出动空军及其在朝鲜的地位和影响问题;在三八线被突破的危急时刻,毛泽东希望立即出兵援朝,而斯大林担心苏联与美国发生直接的军事冲突,也怀疑毛泽东出兵的诚意和效果,故拒绝出动空军;中国志愿军毅然出动并独自与美韩军队作战后,苏联空军也随即投入了战斗,不仅保护中国领空,而且越过鸭绿江为志愿军后方提供掩护;关于苏联空军参战,斯大林坚持不变的原则是:无论是否越过鸭绿江,苏联空军只在后方活动而绝不进入前线配合中国地面部队作战。
The recently disclosed Russian archives show that in the early days of the Korean War, the United States joined forces in the war to force the leaders of both countries to think of the issue of sending troops to China. To this end, Stalin promised the Soviet air force to cover the ground forces in China, but did not explain the time and manner dispatched; Mao Zedong would like to send troops to join the war as soon as possible to end the war, but Stalin in no hurry to use the Chinese army because it involves the Soviet Air Force and its North Korea’s status and influence; Mao Zedong hoped to immediately send troops to aid the DPRK during the critical moment when the 38th parallel was broken; and Stalin refused to launch an air force because he was worried about the direct military clashes between the Soviet Union and the United States and the sincerity and effectiveness of Mao Zedong’s troops. After the Chinese volunteer forces resolutely dispatched and fought alone with the U.S. and ROK forces, the Soviet air force also immediately put into combat not only to protect China’s airspace but also to provide coverage for the rear of the volunteer army across the Yalu River. Regarding the war with the Soviet air force, Stalin’s principle of perseverance is that no matter whether Across the Yalu River, the Soviet air force only in the rear activities and never enter the front line with the Chinese ground forces operations.