论文部分内容阅读
目的掌握四川省农村饮水安全工程卫生状况,为评价农村饮水安全工程的效果提供科学依据。方法根据全国爱卫办《2011年农村饮用水水质卫生监测技术方案》要求,随机抽取具有代表性的饮水安全工程进行调查,并按《生活饮用水卫生标准》对枯、丰水期水质进行检测。结果调查2 993个工程中,小型工程占94.85%;枯水期与丰水期(χ2=78.94)、大型工程与小型工程(χ2=18.76)、4种不同处理工艺工程(χ2=176.21)、消毒设施是否使用的工程(χ2=23.36)以及使用不同消毒制剂消毒的工程(χ2=18.65)出厂水合格率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);分类指标出厂水合格率从高到低依次为:毒理指标(98.96%)、一般化学指标(90.75%)、感官指标(82.79%)、微生物指标(52.72%)、消毒指标(41.29%)。结论农村饮水安全工程以小型工程为主,经完全处理、按要求使用消毒设施和用二氧化氯消毒的工程出厂水水质合格率高,影响出厂水水质不合格的指标主要是微生物指标和消毒指标,应加大大型工程建设,提高供水设施建设质量,加强卫生设施使用管理及推广二氧化氯消毒,以保障农村饮水卫生安全。
Objective To understand the sanitary status of rural drinking water safety project in Sichuan Province and provide a scientific basis for evaluating the effect of rural drinking water safety project. Methods According to the requirements of the National Ai Wei Office “2011 Rural Drinking Water Quality Sanitation Monitoring Technical Program”, a representative drinking water safety project was randomly selected for investigation and the water quality in the dry and wet season was tested according to “Sanitary Standard for Domestic Drinking Water” . Results Among 2 993 projects, 94.85% were small-scale projects; in dry and wet periods (χ2 = 78.94), large-scale projects and small-scale projects (χ2 = 18.76), 4 different treatment processes (χ2 = 176.21) (Χ2 = 23.36) and the disinfection of the use of different disinfectants (χ2 = 18.65) factory water passing rate were statistically significant differences (P <0.01); classification index factory water pass rate from high to low in turn The results showed that toxicological indicators (98.96%), general chemical indicators (90.75%), sensory indicators (82.79%), microbial indicators (52.72%) and disinfection indicators (41.29%). Conclusions Rural drinking water safety projects are mainly small-scale ones. After full treatment, disinfection facilities and chlorine dioxide-disinfected factory-made water quality qualified rate are high, and unqualified factory water quality indicators are mainly microbial indicators and disinfection indicators , We should step up the construction of large-scale projects, improve the quality of water supply facilities, strengthen the management of health facilities and promote the disinfection of chlorine dioxide so as to ensure the hygiene and safety of rural drinking water.