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目的定量研究大鼠从出生至12月龄脾脏主要结构的发育情况。方法从同群正常雄性SD大鼠中,在不同发育阶段(1d和1、3、6、12个月)随机抽选动物,每个年龄组6~7只。取完整的脾脏,切取组织块制作甲基丙烯酸树脂包埋切片,经过碘酸-雪夫试剂和苏木素染色后用体视学方法定量研究脾内主要组织结构的总体积。结果从1d至1月龄,大鼠脾脏体积增长了6.7倍,从1月至3月又增长了2.0倍,从3至12月只增加了39%。脾脏在1日龄已形成动脉周围淋巴鞘,1月形成边缘区,3月形成脾小结,且脾血窦里充满血液。3~12月龄脾内白髓、红髓所占体积比例稳定,分别为23%~27%、67%~70%。结论大鼠脾脏在3月龄前生长快速,发育成熟,之后仍继续生长,但变化不明显。
Objective To quantitatively study the development of the main structure of spleen in rats from birth to 12 months old. Methods From the same group of normal male SD rats, animals were randomly selected at different developmental stages (1d and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months), with 6 to 7 in each age group. Take the complete spleen, cut the tissue block made of methacrylic resin embedded sections, after iodate-Schiff reagent and hematoxylin stained with stereological methods to quantitatively study the total volume of the main spleen tissue structure. Results From 1 day to 1 month of age, the rat spleen volume increased by 6.7 times, increasing by 2.0 times from January to March and increasing by 39% from March to December. Spleen in the 1-day-old has formed periarterial lymphoid sheath, marginal zone formed in January, March formation of splenic nodules, and spleen and blood sinus filled with blood. White spleen within 3 to 12 months of age, the proportion of red pulp accounted for a stable volume, respectively, 23% to 27%, 67% to 70%. Conclusion The spleen of rats grew rapidly and matured before 3 months of age, and then continued to grow, but the changes did not change obviously.