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[目的]通过对育龄期妇女的常见病以及相关保健知识知晓情况的调查,了解育龄期妇女的生殖健康现状,指导妇女保健工作。[方法]采用自制问卷对四川省妇幼保健院2008年6～9月份门诊就诊的18～45岁育龄期妇女进行调查,所得数据录入Excel软件,数据处理采用SPSS17.0软件包。[结果]①18～29岁组中痛经人数明显高于其他年龄组(30～39岁和40～45岁组),40～45岁组人群的月经异常发生率明显高于其他两个年龄组。②排在前两位的避孕措施是安全套(30.9%)和宫内节育器(22.9%),流产2次以上人群的避孕措施选择中,避孕套使用率明显高于流产1次以下者(P﹤0.01)。③就诊的育龄妇女的常见病为生殖系统感染(51.9%)和不孕症(10.5%);性传播疾病检出率为5.09%。④多数妇女还缺乏卫生常识;妇女病的普查率还很低(仅占21.9%)。[结论]今后妇女保健工作需要针对以上情况:①加强18～29岁和40～45岁组月经病的诊治和相关知识宣教;②大力倡导安全、避孕有效率高的口服避孕药的使用,避孕套的正确使用或能在一定程度上降低意外妊娠率;③应进一步加强妇女常见病知识的宣传教育,降低生殖系统炎症、不孕症的发生率。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence of reproductive health among women of childbearing age and guide women’s health care through the investigation of the common diseases of women of childbearing age and the related knowledge of health care. [Methods] The self-made questionnaires were used to investigate the women of childbearing age from 18 to 45 years old in Sichuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June to September in 2008, the data were input into Excel software, and the data were processed using SPSS17.0 software package. [Results] ①The number of dysmenorrhea in 18 ~ 29 age group was significantly higher than that in other age groups (30 ~ 39 and 40 ~ 45), and the incidence of menstrual abnormalities in 40 ~ 45 age group was significantly higher than the other two age groups. The contraceptives in the top two groups were condoms (30.9%) and IUDs (22.9%), and condom use was significantly higher in abortion than those with more than two abortions (P <0.01). ③ The common diseases of women of childbearing age were reproductive system infection (51.9%) and infertility (10.5%); the detection rate of sexually transmitted diseases was 5.09%. ④ most women also lack health knowledge; women’s census rate is still low (only 21.9%). [Conclusion] In the future, women’s health care work needs to be aimed at the above situation: (1) To strengthen the diagnosis and treatment of menstruation and related knowledge and education among 18 to 29 years old and 40 to 45 years old; (2) To vigorously promote the use of safe and contraceptive effective oral contraceptives and contraception The correct use of sets can reduce the accidental pregnancy rate to a certain extent. Thirdly, publicity and education of common diseases knowledge of women should be further strengthened to reduce the incidence of reproductive system inflammation and infertility.