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研究结果表明,本试验条件下,施N量<300kg·N/hm2时,N肥对小麦株高、1～5节间长度、上部叶片长度、分蘖、穗数、粒数、产量有显著的正效应,对粒重效应不明显;施N量>300kg·N/hm2时,N肥对株高、1～5节间长度、穗数、粒数的效应不明显,对倒3、4、5叶片长度仍有一定的正效应,对粒重和产量有显著的负效应。适当扩大中后期施肥比例,对株高、后期叶片、粒数、粒重和成穗率有正效应,对前期叶片、分蘖和穗数有一定负效应;扩大前期施肥比例,对前期叶片、分蘖、穗数有正效应,对株高的效应不明显,对成穗率、粒数、粒重有负效应。最佳产量结构和最高产量时的施N量为254.0kg·N/hm2,分配方式为基肥:苗肥:腊肥:拔节孕穗肥:粒肥等于3:2:0:3:2 或4:2:0:2.5:1.5。
The results showed that under the conditions of this experiment, N fertilizer application had significant effects on plant height, length of 1 to 5 internodes, length of upper leaves, tillers, spike number, grain number and yield of wheat under N application rate <300 kg N / hm2 Positive effect on the grain weight effect is not obvious; N application rate> 300kg · N / hm2, N fertilizer on the plant height, length of 1 to 5, the number of spikes, grain number effect is not obvious on the inverted 3,4, 5 leaf length still have some positive effects on grain weight and yield a significant negative effect. Appropriate expansion of the proportion of late fertilization, plant height, late leaves, grain number, grain weight and percentage of spike has a positive effect on the early leaves, tillers and spikes have a certain negative effect; expansion of the early fertilization rate of early leaves, tillers , Spike number positive effect, the effect of plant height is not obvious, the spike rate, grain number, grain weight have a negative effect. The optimum N application rate and yield were 254.0kg · N / hm2, and the distribution was basal fertilizer: Miao fertilizer: Fat manure: Jointing booting panicle fertilizer: Granule fertilizer was equal to 3: 2: 0: 3: 2 or 4: 2 : 0: 2.5: 1.5.