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在上海的软土地基中,大型基坑在施工过程中容易形成基坑及周边环境变形包括流砂、塌方、隆起、开裂等超规范的质量通病。通过对上海松江区佘北大型保障性住宅小区大型基坑施工经常出现的此类质量通病的主要原因进行分析,认为大型基坑施工经常出现的此质量通病是工程施工的重大危险源。工程监理应严格按照监理细则中的要点实施控制,必须对大型基坑施工中的监理实施动态控制与处理。对此,分析出大型基坑施工分块开挖是施工段衔接的关键和难点,并提出处理这些难点需遵循5条原则以及相应的监理措施,多管齐下确保大型基坑的安全施工。
In Shanghai’s soft ground, large-scale foundation pit in the construction process is easy to form the foundation pit and the surrounding environment deformation, including flow sand, landslides, uplift, cracking and other ultra-normative quality problems. Based on the analysis of the main causes of such common faults in the large-scale foundation pit construction in Shebei large-sized affordable residential area in Songjiang District, Shanghai, it is considered that the common failure of large-scale foundation pit construction is a major hazard of construction. Project supervision should be strictly in accordance with the key points in the supervision of the implementation of control, construction supervision of large-scale pit must be implemented in the dynamic control and processing. In this regard, it is analyzed that the construction excavation of large-scale foundation pit excavation is the key and difficult point of construction segment convergence, and proposed to deal with these difficulties to follow five principles and the corresponding supervision measures to ensure the safe construction of large-scale foundation pit.