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以华北寒旱区旱作甜菜为试材,采用Li-6400光合测定系统,监测了施肥对甜菜糖分积累期与收获期的光合生理变化、甜菜产量、甜菜品质的影响,以期明确施肥对糖用甜菜光合作用的影响,特别是其产量形成期的光合效应特征。结果表明:与不施肥相比,收获期施肥甜菜的日光合积累量(PD)、日蒸腾积累量(TD)、日均水分利用效率(WUED)分别提高了23.8%、18.1%、4.7%,减缓了午间光合作用的逆境胁迫;施肥甜菜光饱和点(LSP)、光补偿点(LCP)、表观量子效率(AQY)分别提高了30.0%、42.8%、13.9%,增强了甜菜对光辐射能的利用潜力;经济产量提高29.4%,糖产量提高21.5%。表明施肥是华北寒旱区提高甜菜抗逆性、维持光合高效率与发挥甜菜光合生产潜力的关键技术。
Taking the dry sugar beet in the cold and drought of the North China as the test material, the photosynthesis system of Li-6400 was used to monitor the photosynthetic and physiological changes of sugar beet during the accumulation and harvest period, the yield of beet and the quality of sugar beet. The effects of sugar beet photosynthesis, especially the photosynthetic characteristics of its yield formation period. The results showed that the PD, TD and WUED of fertilized sugar beet increased by 23.8%, 18.1% and 4.7%, respectively, compared with no fertilization. (LSP), light compensation point (LCP) and apparent quantum yield (AQY) increased by 30.0%, 42.8% and 13.9%, respectively, and enhanced the effects of sugar beet on light radiation Potential utilization potential; economic output increased by 29.4%, sugar production increased by 21.5%. It is indicated that fertilization is the key technology to improve the resistance of sugar beet, maintain the high photosynthesis efficiency and harness the potential of sugar beet photosynthesis in the cold and dry areas of North China.