在钢轧辊局部缺陷冷焊焊缝中，研究了多元强碳化物元素和ＲＥ元素对碳化物数量、形态和基体组织的影响。结果表明，经Ｎｂ、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｚｒ、ＲＥ的综合作用，促进了碳化物早期、大量弥散析出，抑制了导致脆化的沿柱状晶界的网状析出；由于Ｃ主要被固定在第二相，使其固溶态份额降低而导致奥氏体“贫Ｃ”，从而形成低碳板条马氏体而避免了韧性较差的高碳马氏体基体产生，显著提高了焊态韧性和冷焊抗裂性。 In the cold-defect weld of local defects in steel rolls, the effect of multiple carbide and RE on the carbide quantity, morphology and matrix microstructure was studied. The results showed that the combined effect of Nb, Ti, V, Zr and RE accelerated the early and large amount of carbide precipitation and inhibited the network precipitation along the columnar grain boundaries leading to embrittlement. Since C was mainly fixed in the second Phase, so that its share of solid-soluble state and lead to austenite “poor C”, thus forming low-carbon lath martensite to avoid the poor toughness of high-carbon martensite matrix, significantly improve the toughness and Cold welding crack resistance.