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非自杀性自伤多见于青少年人群，是未来发生自杀行为的最强预测因子之一。目前非自杀性自伤机制不清，诊断和治疗缺乏客观的生物学标记，是临床诊疗亟需解决问题。磁共振成像技术是探究非自杀性自杀影像学机制的重要手段。本文旨在对非自杀性自伤的磁共振影像学最新的研究成果进行系统性评价。研究发现不伴其他精神障碍的非自杀性自伤人群表现出眶额、背外侧前额叶、内侧前额叶、腹外侧前额叶、杏仁核、扣带回、缘上回、杏仁核、海马、脑岛、胼胝体、丘脑、壳核、背侧纹状体、楔前叶和右侧颞叶异常，这些区域是情绪处理、决策、认知和运动相关的核心脑区。存在其他精神障碍(如边缘性人格障碍、抑郁障碍)的非自杀性自伤人群可能受到基础疾病的影响表现不全相同的损害模式，表现出特定情绪网络、决策、社会认知、运动相关脑区的异常。本文结果可为以后研究非自杀性自伤磁共振影像学机制提供帮助。“,”Non-suicidal self-injury is common in adolescents. At present, the pathological mechanism of non-suicidal self-injury is still unclear, and there is a lack of objective biological markers in diagnosis and treatment, which is an urgent problem to be solved in clinical diagnosis and treatment. The magnetic resonance imaging is an important technique to explore the imaging mechanism of non-suicidal self-injury. The purpose of this review is to systematic evaluation of the latest research results of magnetic resonance imaging of non-suicidal self-injury. It was found that non-suicidal self-injury in people without other mental disorders showed abnormal damage in the orbitofrontal, the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe, the medial prefrontal lobe, the ventrolateral prefrontal lobe, the amygdala, the cingulate gyrus, the supramarginal gyrus, the amygdala, the hippocampus, the insular, the corpus callosum, the thalamus, the putamen, the dorsal striatum, the cuneate prefrontal lobe and the right temporal lobe. These areas are the core areas related to emotional processing, decision-making, cognition and movement. Non-suicidal self-injury with other mental disorders such as borderline personality disorder and depression may be affected by underlying diseases and exhibit different damage patterns, which showing abnormal brain regions related to emotional network, decision-making, social cognition and exercise.The results of this review can be helpful for the future study of the magnetic resonance imaging mechanism of non-suicidal self-injury.