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目的初步分析妊娠妇女孕早、中期的膳食能量及宏量营养素摄入状况与其孕中期血脂的关系。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取235名于2014年春夏在四川大学华西第二医院定期产前检查的孕妇。使用24小时膳食回顾法收集孕妇孕早期(孕14周前)和孕中期(孕14~23~(+6)周)的膳食信息。采集孕中期(孕24~27~(+6)周)血样检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)4项血脂水平。采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验从多个角度比较不同能量及宏量营养素摄入水平的孕妇间血脂水平的差异。结果孕早期和孕早中期能量及总蛋白质摄入量较高者,其孕中期LDL-C水平均较高(P<0.05);孕早期和孕早中期动物蛋白摄入量与LDL-C水平呈正相关关系(P<0.05);不同孕期碳水化合物和脂肪的摄入量与孕中期TC、TG、HDL-C和LDL-C水平均未发现统计学相关(P>0.05)。结论孕早期和孕早中期膳食能量、总蛋白质及动物蛋白摄入量较高者,其孕中期血脂(LDL-C)水平较高,但能量及宏量营养素与孕期血脂的关系还有待进一步研究。
Objective To analyze the relationship between dietary energy and macronutrient intake of pregnant women in the first trimester and the second trimester and the second trimester blood lipid. Methods A prospective study was conducted to select 235 pregnant women scheduled for prenatal examination in West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University in spring and summer of 2014. Dietary information of pregnant women in their first trimester (14 weeks old) and second trimester (14 to 23 weeks (+6) weeks) was collected using a 24-hour dietary review. Blood samples were collected during the second trimester of pregnancy (24- 27 ~ (+6) weeks) to detect serum TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL- C) 4 lipid levels. The Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test was used to compare the differences in blood lipid levels among pregnant women with different energy and macronutrient intake levels from different perspectives. Results The levels of LDL-C in the first trimester of pregnancy were significantly higher than those in the second trimester (P <0.05). The intake of protein and LDL-C (P <0.05). The intake of carbohydrates and fat in different stages of pregnancy was not correlated with the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C in the second trimester of pregnancy (P> 0.05). Conclusion The levels of LDL-C in the first trimester of pregnancy and the second trimester of pregnancy are higher than those in the first trimester. However, the relationship between energy and macronutrients and the serum lipids in pregnancy remains to be further studied .