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目的了解哈尔滨市香坊区7周岁学龄儿童的龋病流行状况及第一恒磨牙封闭情况,为学龄期儿童的龋病预防工作提供相关依据。方法对哈尔滨市香坊区13所小学的2023名7周岁学生进行龋病状况普查。结果 7周岁学生乳牙患龋率为80.46%,龋均(dmft)为4.663,龋面均(dmfs)为5.261,龋面充填构成比为27.43%;恒牙患龋率为3.297%,dmft为0.0935,龋面充填构成比30.53%;第一恒磨牙封闭率为24.38%。农村患龋率为82.64%,城市患龋率为78.50%,农村高于城市(P<0.05),有统计学意义。结论哈尔滨市香坊区7周岁学生患龋率较高,且充填率较低,恒牙龋主要集中在第一恒磨牙。应加强学校对学生的口腔健康教育,提高学生及家长对口腔卫生的重视程度。
Objective To understand the prevalence of dental caries and the first molars closure in 7-year-old school-age children in Xiangfang District, Harbin, and to provide relevant evidences for caries prevention in school-age children. Methods A total of 2023 7-year-old students from 13 primary schools in Xiangfang District of Harbin were surveyed for cariousness. Results The caries prevalence of primary teeth in 7-year-old students was 80.46%, the average caries (dmft) was 4.663, the average carious surface dmfs was 5.261, the caries filling ratio was 27.43%, the permanent caries was 3.297% and the dmft was 0.0935 , Caries filling composition ratio of 30.53%; first permanent molar closing rate of 24.38%. The prevalence of dental caries in rural areas was 82.64%, that of urban caries was 78.50%, and that in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (P <0.05). Conclusions The 7-year-old students in Xiangfang District of Harbin City have a higher caries prevalence rate and a lower filling rate. The permanent caries mainly concentrates on the first permanent molars. Oral health education should be strengthened at schools to enhance the importance placed on oral hygiene by students and parents.