效果评价[impact evaluation(assessment)]是指系统地收集项目活动、特征及产出结果方面的信息,进而综合判断项目实施效果的一种评价方法,通常在项目结束后用来评估项目的作用,证实项目的价值,进而为改善项目方案和获取后继支持提供依据[1]。有关效果评价的描述最早出现在20世纪60年代,Suchman[2]提出要对项目进行评价以判断项目的有效性,最初主要应用于公共服务和教育领域[3]。20世纪90年代以后,随着大量以社区和人群为对象的公共卫生项目的出现[4],效果评价开始逐渐应用于公共卫生领域。近年来,随着人们对烟草危害认识的逐步提高,国内外开展了形式多样的烟草控制项目,如美国的社区戒烟干预项目[5],澳 Impact evaluation (impact evaluation (assessment)] refers to systematically collect information on project activities, characteristics and output results, and then a comprehensive evaluation of the project implementation effect of an evaluation method, usually used at the end of the project to assess the role of the project, Confirm the value of the project, and provide the basis for improving the project plan and obtaining subsequent support [1]. The description of the effect evaluation first appeared in the 1960s. Suchman proposed to evaluate the project to judge the effectiveness of the project, initially mainly used in the field of public service and education [3]. Since the 1990s, with the advent of a large number of public health projects targeting communities and people [4], the evaluation of effects began to be gradually applied in the public health field. In recent years, with the gradual improvement of people’s understanding of the harm caused by tobacco, various forms of tobacco control projects have been carried out at home and abroad, such as the American community smoking cessation intervention project [5], Macao