在历史学中,过去的在场直到“记忆转向”(memory turn)发生后,才被认为是用以理解社会史、政治史和经济史中各种问题的一个不可或缺的话题。这便是记忆对历史思想和历史方法的意义。借助记忆去思考的话,之前被认为得到充分描述和理解的现象,便会获得全新的含义。记忆研究与一切要求革新的研究原则是一致的:它揭示了之前未被注意的各 In history, the past presence was not recognized as an indispensable topic in understanding social issues, political history, and economic history until “memory turn” occurred. This is the significance of memory to historical ideas and historical methods. Thinking through words of memory, the phenomena previously thought to be adequately described and understood give rise to new meaning. The study of memory is consistent with all the principles of research that require innovation: it reveals what has not been noticed before