目的了解临床医生对抗凝血灭鼠药的诊疗知识的认知情况,进而采取针对性措施以减少临床误诊率。方法2013年7~9月抽样调查全省434名医务人员基本信息、对鼠药各项知识了解程度。结果调查434名医务人员,抗凝血灭鼠药知晓率为82.26%(357/434),仅44.93%(195/434)的医务人员在就诊病人有出血症状时会考虑鼠药中毒,对有出血症状的就诊患者是否会考虑鼠药中毒与医务人员的职称有关[OR=1.72(95%CI:1.15~2.57)];各地市之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),各科室之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。随着对抗凝血灭鼠药诊疗知识的增加,在出血性疾病诊断中越会考虑鼠药中毒。结论加强抗凝血灭鼠药知识的培训有助于对此类疾病做出正确的诊断,减少误诊率。 Objective To understand the clinicians’ knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of anticoagulants and to take targeted measures to reduce the rate of clinical misdiagnosis. Methods From July to September 2013, a total of 434 medical staffs in the province were sampled to investigate the level of knowledge of rat poison. Results A total of 434 medical staff were investigated. The awareness rate of anticoagulant rodenticides was 82.26% (357/434). Only 44.93% (195/434) of medical staff considered the poisoning of rat poison when they had bleeding symptoms. Patients with bleeding symptoms would consider whether the poisoning of rat poison was related to the title of medical staff [OR = 1.72 (95% CI: 1.15-2.57)]; there was no significant difference between cities (P> 0.05) The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). As anticoagulant rodent control increases the diagnosis and treatment of bleeding, the more the diagnosis of hemorrhagic disease will consider rat poisoning. Conclusion The training of knowledge about anticoagulant rodent control can help to make correct diagnosis of such diseases and reduce the rate of misdiagnosis.