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采用原位分子杂交对７９例肝硬变及６４例肝细胞癌组织进行ＨＣＶＲＮＡ和ＨＢＶ Ｘ基因定位检测，ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ，ＨＶＢ Ｘ基因在两种组织的阳性率分别是４８％（３８／７９）及７２％（５７／７９）；３９％（２５／６４）及８１％（５２／６４）；二者同时阳性在两种组织分别为３８％（３０／７９）及３３％（２１／６４）。ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ主要定位于肝细胞和癌细胞胞浆内，阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式。ＨＢＶ Ｘ基因在肝细胞及肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型，阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式。本结果表明，ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ确实存在于肝细胞和肝癌细胞中，在我国肝癌病因方面，ＨＢＶ感染所起的作用比ＨＣＶ感染更为重要，ＨＣＶ、ＨＢＶ双重感染也可能起一定作用。
In situ hybridization was used to detect the HCV RNA and HBV X gene in 79 cirrhotic and 64 hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. The positive rates of HCV RNA and HVB X gene in the two tissues were 48% (38/79) and 72% (57/79), 39% (25/64) and 81% (52/64), respectively. The positive rates of both were 38% (30/79) and 33% (21/64) in the two tissues respectively. HCV RNA mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and cancer cells, positive cells were scattered, focal and diffuse distribution of three forms. The distribution of HBV X gene in hepatocytes and hepatoma cells was cytoplasm type, karyotype and nuclear plasma type. The positive cells also showed the above three distribution patterns. The results show that HCV RNA does exist in liver cells and liver cancer cells, in our cause of liver cancer, HBV infection plays a more important role than HCV infection, HCV, HBV double infection may also play a role.