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应用光镜和电镜技术观察青年组、老年组、中药组、维生素Ｅ组大鼠胸腺的组织形态和超微结构的变化。结果显示：老年组胸腺中脂肪比青年组明显增加，胸腺细胞与上皮性网状细胞皆明显减少，整个组织结构疏松，超微结构中可看到线粒体肿胀、嵴缺失，内质网腔扩张、脱颗粒，脂褐素颗粒和溶酶体增加等变化，而中药组的胸腺组织形态和超微结构均接近青年组正常形态，维生素Ｅ组与中药组相似。从而提示，补肾中药能延缓胸腺的衰老变化。
The changes of histomorphology and ultrastructure of the thymus in the young group, the old group, the Chinese medicine group, and the vitamin E group were observed by light and electron microscopy. The results showed that in the elderly group, the fat in the thymus was significantly higher than that in the young group, and the thymus cells and epithelial reticular cells were significantly reduced. The entire structure was loose, and the mitochondria were swollen and ridges were missing in the ultrastructure, and the endoplasmic reticulum was expanded. Degranulation, lipofuscin granules and lysosomes increased, while the thymus tissue morphology and ultrastructure of the traditional Chinese medicine group were close to the normal form of the young group. The vitamin E group was similar to the traditional Chinese medicine group. This suggests that kidney-invigorating herbs can delay the aging changes of the thymus.