论文部分内容阅读
为了研究海啸等浅水大波对海堤等海岸结构物的作用,采用孤立波作为输入波形,在波浪水槽中进行了孤立波在斜坡堤上越浪过程的系列实验。通过物理模型实验,获得了孤立波作用下斜坡堤越浪量的测量结果,并基于PIV方法测量得到的海堤越浪流速度场计算了越浪量。以堤顶相对超高和来波相对波高为无量纲参数,基于越浪量实验数据建立了斜坡堤上孤立波越浪量的经验预报公式。孤立波堤顶越浪流的PIV测量结果表明,在实验工况条件下越堤流流场可近似为几乎平行的流动;基于PIV测量结果得到孤立波越浪量与越浪量的直接测量结果一致性较好。对简单斜坡堤而言,无量纲的孤立波越浪量随来波相对波高的增大而增加,随着堤顶相对超高的减小呈指数增大。
In order to study the effect of large waves such as tsunamis on the coastal structures such as seawalls, a series of experiments of solitary waves as waveforms were carried out in wave troughs. Through the physical model experiment, the measured results of the overburden of the slope with isolated wave are obtained, and the overtopping quantity is calculated based on the over-flow velocity field of the seawall measured by the PIV method. Based on the experimental data of overtopping volume, the empirical prediction formula of isolated wave overtopping on slopes was established, in which the relative height of dike top and the relative wave height of incoming wave are dimensionless parameters. The results of PIV measurements of isolated wave dike at the top of the dike show that the dike flow field can be approximated as nearly parallel flow under the experimental conditions. Based on the PIV measurements, it is found that the overvoltage of the solitary wave is consistent with the direct measurement of overtopping Sex is better. For simple slopes, the dimensionless solitary wave overrun increases with the relative wave height of the incoming wave and increases exponentially with the relative increase in dike height.